Question

1. As the RNA polymerase is synthesizing new RNA, it uses one strand of the DNA as a template and it adds a new nucleotide to which end of the growing RNA strand? As it moves along the DNA template, which direction is the polymerase moving?

2. In eukaryotes, the genomic DNA is packaged with proteins called histones. What is the term for the combination of DNA + histones?

3. In eukaryotes, when the initial RNA is transcribed, is it immediately ready for translation?

4. What is a UTR and name two functions they might do?

5. When proteins interact with DNA to turn on a single specific gene for transcription, does the protein bind by charges to the sugar/phosphate? Or to a specific sequence?

6. When a 2-C sensing module protein is bound by an appropriate molecule, what two steps happen to the sensing module. What particular is amino acid modified?

7. A phosphorylated receiver responder protein in the 2_C system binds to its particular DNA sequence. When it binds, it allows a gene to be expressed. What does this say about the strength of that promoter? What is similar to this in the Lac operon?

8. When the RR protein is activated, and the response module can bind to DNA, does it bind to any DNA region or just a specific sequence?

9. Most of the antibiotics that inhibit bacterial cell was synthesis such as penicillin and vancomycin achieve the inhibition by blocking what reaction?

10. If a Halophenyl compound can inhibit the expression of the vancomycin resistance genes by blocking the phosphotransferase from the sensor kinase protein to the RR protein, what other stages could a future antibiotic be designed to inhibit the van 2-C pathway at some other step?

Answer 1

Ans 1...The RNA polymerase always plymerissis in 5 to 3 direction.that mean the DNA template strand it is using is from 3 to 5 direction and thus the mRNA that will be formed will be 5 to 3 direction

Ans 2...the term used for combination of DNA and histone proteins is Chromatin

Chromatin=DNA + Histone

Ans 3...no...in.eukaryotes ,in mRNA there are introns which are the non coding sequence and are need to be spliced before translation

Ans 4...UTR means un translated region

Function..a....The 5 UTR is found on upstream direction and this UTR has a sequence which the ribosome identify and bind and start the translation

B....the 3 UTR plays a role in termination of translation.and it also has role in the post transcriptional gene expression