Question

Experiment 3: The Importance of Cell Cycle Control

Some environmental factors can cause genetic mutations that result in a lack of proper cell cycle control (mitosis). When this happens, the possibility for uncontrolled cell growth occurs. In some instances, uncontrolled growth can lead to tumors, which are often associated with cancer, or other biological diseases.

In this experiment, you will review some of the karyotypic differences that can be observed when comparing normal, controlled cell growth and abnormal, uncontrolled cell growth. A karyotype is an image of the complete set of diploid chromosomes in a single cell.

Materials *Computer Access *Internet Access	*You Must Provide

Procedure

1. Begin by constructing a hypothesis to explain what differences you might observe when comparing the karyotypes of human cells with normal cell cycle control versus cancerous cells (which experience abnormal, or a lack of, cell cycle control). Record your hypothesis.

Note: Be sure to include what you expect to observe, and why you think you will observe these features. Think about what you know about cancerous cell growth to help construct this information.

2. Go online to find some images of abnormal karyotypes, and normal karyotypes. The best results will come from search terms such as “abnormal karyotype,” “HeLa cells,” “normal karyotype,” “abnormal chromosomes,” etc. Be sure to use dependable resources that have been peer-reviewed.

3. Identify at least five abnormalities in the abnormal images. Then, list and draw each image in the Data section at the end of this experiment. Do these abnormalities agree with your original hypothesis?

Hint: It may be helpful to count the number of chromosomes, count the number of pairs, compare the sizes of homologous chromosomes, look for any missing or additional genetic markers/flags, etc.

Data

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Post-Lab Questions

A.Record your hypothesis from Step 1 in the Procedure section here.

B. What do your results indicate about cell cycle control?

C. Suppose a person developed a mutation in a somatic cell which diminishes the performance of the body’s natural cell cycle control proteins. This mutation resulted in cancer, but was effectively treated with a cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques. Is it possible for this person’s future children to inherit this cancer-causing mutation? Be specific when you explain why or why not.

Answer 1

Please find the answers below:

Answer A: Considering that the cell is cancerous in nature, the ploidy of genome is highly likely to change and chromosomal abberations might exist.

Answer B: These results will indicate that the cell cycle regulation is a very orchestrated process in which different proteins and enzymes ensure proper division of the cellular material as well as the genetic material.

Answer C: No, since the mutation took place in somatic cell, it is very unlikely that it will be inherited by its offsprings.