Question

There are a number of types of pre-Mrna PROCESSING WITH IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS INEUKARYOTIC TRANSCRIPTION. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE FUNCTIONS OF THE ADDITION OF THE 5’CAP? (select all that apply)

Assists the mRNA in binding to the large ribosomal subunit

Facilities transport of the mRNA into the cytoplasm

Removings the non-coding regions from the pre-mRNA

Constructs multiple products from a single gene

Assists in RNA splicing

Stabilizes mRNA at the end adjacent to the start codons

Alters nucleotide sequence in exons

Which of the following are metabolic changes associated with cancer?

Decreased levels of pentose phosphate pathway

Increased production of fructose 2.6 bisphosphate

Increased expression of some enzymes of glycolysis

Decreased pH outside of cells due to increased lactate synthesis and release

Decreased glucose uptake and utilization

Aerobic glycolysis

Which of the following statements apply to prokaryotic translation but not eukaryotic translation? (select all that apply)

Pre-mRNA is processed to remove introns before the ribosomes can use the mRNA

Only free-floating ribosomes in the cytoplasm are involved

Ribosomes may be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cell cytoplasm

Mature mRNA has a cap on one end and a poly-A-tail on the oter end

Translation starts once the 5’ end of the mRNA detaches from the DNA

The entire RNA transcript is used without any modification

Answer 1

1. The functions of the 5' cap (7-methylguanosine) include:

- Assists the mRNA in binding to the large ribosomal subunit

- Facilitates transport of mRNA into the cytoplasm

- Stabilizes mRNA at the end adjacent to the start codon.

2. The metabolic changes associated with cancer are:

- Increased production of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

- Increased expression of some enzymes of glycolysis

- Decreased pH outside of cells due to increased lactate synthesis and release

- Aerobic glycolysis

3. The statements which apply to prokaryotic translation but not to eukaryotic translation are:

- Only free-floating ribosomes in the cytoplasm are involved

- Translation starts once the 5' end of the mRNA detaches from the DNA

- The entire RNA transcript is used without any modifixation.