Question

Describe the process of generating RNA. What enzymes are involved? What is a gene? What are the 3 types of RNA and where are they used in a cell?

Answer 1

RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. It is single stranded unlike DNA, which is double stranded. RNA is produced from DNA by the process of Transcription. it is the process of RNA synthesis.RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme. Transcription occurs in the following steps -

1. the RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA and there is local unwinding of DNA

2. RNA synthesis is initiated by complementary base pairing of nucleotides on the DNA template strand .

3. The site of RNA synthesis moves along the DNA.. RNA polymerase moves along the strand and adds complimentary nucleoitides according to DNA template.

4. the RNA polymerase transcribes until it reaches the site of termination .