Question

Scientists have successfully cloned organisms by transplanting the nucleus of a differentiated cell into a donor egg cell. For example, John Gurdon and his colleagues transplanted nuclei from differentiated Xenopus laevis tadpole cells into unfertilized eggs that had been deprived of their own nuclei. Although the frequency of success was low, some eggs containing transplanted nuclei gave rise to swimming tadpoles. This process, which has been used to clone mammals, is called ________________ and relies on proper ________________ of the donated nucleus DNA.

Scientists have successfully cloned organisms by transplanting the nucleus of a differentiated cell into a donor egg cell. For example, John Gurdon and his colleagues transplanted nuclei from differentiated Xenopus laevis tadpole cells into unfertilized eggs that had been deprived of their own nuclei. Although the frequency of success was low, some eggs containing transplanted nuclei gave rise to swimming tadpoles. This process, which has been used to clone mammals, is called ________________ and relies on proper ________________ of the donated nucleus DNA.  

cell fusion; replication

cell fusion; epigenetic reprogramming

nuclear transfer; replication

nuclear transfer; epigenetic reprogramming

none of the above

Answer 1

Scientists have successfully cloned organisms by transplanting the nucleus of a differentiated cell into a donor egg cell. For example, John Gurdon and his colleagues transplanted nuclei from differentiated Xenopus laevis tadpole cells into unfertilized eggs that had been deprived of their own nuclei. Although the frequency of success was low, some eggs containing transplanted nuclei gave rise to swimming tadpoles. This process, which has been used to clone mammals, is called nuclear transfer and relies on proper epigenetic reprogramming of the donated nucleus DNA.