Question

. For transcription, multiple mechanisms exist to position RNA polymerases accurately at the transcriptional start site, one of which is TBP-mediated binding to the TATA box. Compare the methods used in transcription with translation and describe how these mechanisms are similar and how they are different.

Answer 1

Both transcription and translation are equally important for conversion of DNA to proteins.

Transcription involved conversion of DNA to mRNA

Translation involves conversion of mRNA to proteins.

Similarities

They both are similar in their process which contains 3 steps

-initiation

-elongation

-termination

Although each step in transcription and translation involves different mechanisms.

Both mechanisms are seen in prokaryotes and eukaryotes although with different locations i.e nucleus and cytoplasm

dissimilarities

Trranscription occurs in nucleus or cytoplasm whereas translation occurs in ribosomes

RNA polymerase helps in transcription whereas TRNA helps in translation

Trranscription preceeds translation

Trranscription involved two DNA strands i.eb template strand and another stand

Translation involves two ribosomal units with mRNA strand i.e larger and smaller ribosomal units