DNA is first transcribed to form
RNA i.e mRNA via the process of transcription in the nucleus.
mRNA formed undergoes post
transcriptinal modification such RNA splicing, capping and
polyadenylation.
Modified mRNA is transported out of
the nucleus into the cytoplasm where the mRNA directs the process
of polypeptide synthesis via translation process.
The transaltion machinery consists
of ribosomes,tRNA and rRNA .
The tRNA possess anticodon that
recognise the codon of the mRNA and carry the specific aminoacid to
the ribosomes.First codon read is for aminoacid methionine.
As aminoacids are added ,peptide
bond is formed between them and polypeptide grows in length until
it recognises the stop codon.
The polypeptide is then released
and undergoes post translational modifications and folding to form
the native functional protein.