Question

1. The functions of the vertebrate skeleton include which of the following?

   I.           maintenance of body posture

   II.          calcium homeostasis

   III.         transfer of muscle forces

   	a.	I and II
   	b.	II and III
   	c.	III
   	d.	I and III
   	e.	I, II, and III

2. What might cause a person to produce very large amounts of urine?

   	a.	drinking large volumes of water relative to their body size
   	b.	taking medication that causes increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
   	c.	a genetic defect leading to reduced capability in producing aquaporin proteins
   	d.	answers A and B
   	e.	Answers A and C

3. The following statements describe the release of a neurotransmitter. Put them in the correct order.

   I. voltage-gated calcium channels open

   II. neurotransmitter is released

   III. action potential propagates down an axon

   IV. synaptic vesicles bind with the membrane

   	a.	I, II, III, IV
   	b.	II, IV, III, I
   	c.	I, IV, II, III
   	d.	III, I, IV, II
   	e.	IV, II, III, I

Answer 1

A vertebrate skeleton is consists of bones and skeletal muscle. The skeleton system provides support and maintains the posture of the body. It also transfers the muscle force during movement body. Bone sin skeleton system stores excess calcium and releases it in the need for body, thereby maintaining calcium homeostasis.

The answer is E.

2. The excess of water is released as urine by the action of inhibition of anti-diuretic hormone, so that kidney absorbs less water and forms more urine.

The aquaporins help in water reabsorption so less urine is produced, bu due to less aquaporin, reabsorption decreases, and urine volume increases.

The answer is E.