Question

1. In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, which of the following events occurs in the transition state facilitation stage?

   	a.	The enzyme allows substrates interact, increasing the activation energy of the reaction
   	b.	Substrates, cofactors, and coenzymes undergo initial binding to the active site of the enzyme
   	c.	The enzyme allows substrates to interact, lowering the activation energy of the reaction
   	d.	The products are released from the enzyme
   	e.	The enzyme allows substrates to interact, lowering the Gibbs free-energy change of the reaction

2. Your research team identifies a bird species that has defective amylase. What would be the result of this defect?

   	a.	Birds do not express amylase – this enzyme is only expressed in plants
   	b.	Birds will not be able to build glycogen in their muscle cells when the need energy
   	c.	Birds will not be able to cleave glycosidic bonds in starch that is consumed in the diet.
   	d.	Birds will not be able to cleave glycosidic bonds in glycogen in their muscle cells when they need energy.
   	e.	Birds will not be able to cleave glycosidic bonds in starch that is stored in their own muscles.

3. You clone a genetically-modified plant that has increased expression of amylase in the roots of a raspberry plant. What would you expect to occur?

   	a.	Pressure would increase in phloem near fruit cells
   	b.	Pressure would increase in phloem near leaf cells
   	c.	Pressure would increase in the phloem near all cells
   	d.	Pressure in the phloem would not be affected
   	e.	Pressure would increase in phloem near roots cells

Answer 1

1) The correct answer is , The enzyme allows substrates to interact, lowering the activation energy of the reaction . When an enzyme binds its substrate it forms an enzyme substrate complex. This complex lowers the activation energy of the reaction and promotes its rapid progression by providing certain ions or chemical groups that actually form covalent bonds with molecules as a necessary step of the reaction process.

2) The correct answer is Birds will not be able to cleave glycosidic bonds in glycogen in their muscle cells when they need energy .

3) The correct answer is Pressure would increase in phloem near leaf cells