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The drug dideoxycytidine, used to treat certain viral infections, is a nucleotide made with 2', 3'...

The drug dideoxycytidine, used to treat certain viral infections, is a nucleotide made with 2', 3' dideoxyribose. This sugar lacks-OH groups at both the 2' and 3' positions. Explain why this drug stops the growth of a DNA chain when added to DNA.
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Answer #1

The 5' carbon of DNA has a phosphate group and the 3' carbon has hydroxyl (-OH) group.

As DNA polymerase (enzyme synthesize DNA) requires a free 3' OH group for synthesis, it can synthesize by extending the 3' end of the preexisting nucleotide chain. So when DNA polymerase moves along the template strand in a 3' to 5' direction then the daughter strand is formed from 5' to 3' direction.

The drug dideoxycytidine stops the growth of a DNA chain when added to DNA. As drug gets incorporated into a growing DNA strand, but it has no 3' OH group which is essential for attachment of the next base I.e. for DNA synthesis . So, growth of the DNA strand stops....

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