Question

Q1.Current research is linking issues with splicing of mRNA to cancer cells in humans. Some cells are lacking in splicing ability while others are misdirecting the splicing, or over splicing. Why may under- or over-splicing cause issues within a eukaryotic cell?

Q2. Why does the production of beer and wine depend on the fermentative capabilities of microbes?

Answer 1

Q1. Cells that lacking splicing ability is known as under-splicing cells. These under splicing cells can't produce the proper mRNA transcript. Exons may be separated by intron parts. So the translation of this type of mRNA stop when the ribosome interact with the intron part of the mRNA.

Over splicing causes the loss of exon part of a gene which may be problematic in the time of translation and protein folding. The proteins translated from over spliced mRNA is not functional.

Q2. The fermentation produces produces ethanol. Ethanol is a sedative drug. Beer and wine contain ethanol. For this reason production of beer and wine depend on the fermentative capabilities of microbes.