Question

51. What are the 2 most common organisms that cause urinary tract infections. What factors of the urinary tract prohibits infection?

52. What is the infectious agent that causes tetanus and botulism? What are the names of the toxins that they produce? How is the body effected by these toxins?

53. Compare and contrast the Sabin and Salk vaccines. What disease do they help prevent?

54. What organism causes rheumatic fever? How does it cause damage to the heart tissue? What is another disease that this organism causes?

55. Name the organism which causes bubonic plague. What is the reservoir and vector? Where does the disease get its name?

Answer 1

51. (ANSWER)

The two most common organism that causes urinary tract infection is - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Urninary tract infection (UTI) is a condition where there is invasion of microbial species. Several antibacterial factors as mentioned below prevent the grown of microorganisms.

1. Concentration of urea

2. salt content of urine

3. Secretory IgA

4. mucopolysaccharide of bladder

It is more common in females than in males. In females the urinary tract prevents the infection by maintaining the vaginal flora and estrogen levels.