Question

Briefly explain how CRISPR-Cas9 works for gene knockout?

Answer 1

Ans)

CRISPR- Cas9 is a unique technology which enables genecists and researchers to edit parts of a genome via removing, adding or altering the sequence of DNA. The CRIPR- Cas9 system of two key molecules i.e., an enzyme called as Cas9 and a piece of RNA called as the guide RNA  which causes a change in the DNA.

As a DNA sequence ia found which matches the guide RNA, and is that sequence is downstream of PAM sequence, the Cas9 nuclease breaks both strands of the genome at that spot. Cells respond by repairing the break but tend to do so imprecisely using the non-homologous end joining repair which is also often called the NHEJ pathway.