Question

The acidity of some wines has been linked to the strain of yeast fermenting the wine and the presence of malate. Malate is synthesized from glucose in these yeast cells, write a sequence of reactions that illustrate how malate would be produced from glucose under anaerobic conditions in the presence of CO₂ (HCO₃^-).

An important thing to note, your final reaction must not include any TCA cycle intermediates other than malate, nor must it include any nicotinamide containing cofactors (NAD+, NADP+).

Sequence of reaction (Series of equations):

Final equation:

Reasoning for acidity:

Answer 1

- It just asking the formation of malate from glucose through anaerobic pathway

-Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase work on phosphoenol pyruvate it produce oxaloacetate, malate is precurssor for oxaloacetate.

Malate dehydrogenase work on oxaloacetate and give malete.

oxidation of NADH Taking place here and during the reaction of NADH oxidation one hydrogen ion get separate, and this hydrogen ion concentration decrease the PH, and acidity get increase.