Question

1) During what stage of the ovarian cycle is food intake and body mass lowest?

a) Food intake and body weight is the same across the cycle

b) Estrus

c) Diestrus

d) Proestrus

2) What neuropeptide containing cellsfrom SCN directly innervate GnRH and GnIH neuurons to couple the circadian clock with female reproduction?

A) NPY

B) none of the answers are correct

c) VIP

D) OT

E) AVP

3) Your experiemntal goal is enchancing spatial memory in a rat using epinephrine. When would be the best time to administer memory enchancing dosage in order to recieve the desired effect?

a) Following a substantial period of time that allows initial molecular memory process to take place

b) during training

c) before traning

d) immediatley after training

4) Which neurotransmitter is likely involved in seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?

A) Serotonin

b) Glutamate

c) Epinephrine

d) Norepinephrine

Answer 1

1 d) Proestrus

Food intake and body mass becomes lowest while energy expenditure becomes highest.

2 c) VIP

Neurons synthesizing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) are located in the retinorecipient, ventrolateral SCN “core” convey circadian information.

3 d) immediately after training

Epinephrine administered after training enhance long-term retention of many different kinds of training experiences which are used in animal memory studies.

4 a) Serotonin

Serotonin decrease, a brain chemical (neurotransmitter) that affects mood, play a role in season affective disorder.