Question

1) If the distance a substance had to diffuse across increased from 1 to 10 microns,

a) The overall time for diffusion would increase 10X

b) The overall time for diffusion would increase 100X

c) The overall time for diffusion would increase by 1000X

d) The overall time for diffusion would increase by 1002

e) The overall time for diffusion would not change

4) Oxygen has a diffusion constant of 2*10-5 cm2/sec and can diffuse across 10 um in about 20 msec. How long would it take a molecule of HIV to cross the same distance if the diffusion coefficient for HIV is 2*10-8?

a) 0.00002 sec

b) 1 sec

c) 20 sec

d) 20000 sec

e) about 1 year

14) The magnolia warbler breeds in the Canadian taiga, and overwinters in the tropics. Given the costs of migration, why does it not just stay and breed in the tropics?

a) The tropics are too hot in the summer

b) This warbler is part of nature's plan, and it must migrate to balance the Canadian ecosystems.

c) Competition with other birds in the tropics would likely keep it from amassing the resources it needs to reproduce

d) Migration, a behavior, is of no relevance to physiology, and this question is irrelevant to the subject matter of an animal physiology class.

e) The nesting materials warblers use (andesite, cobalt, and palmetto sticks) are only found in Canada.

16) Which of the following is a potential drawback of adaptation to an extreme environment such as high temperatures, high salinity, or extreme cold?

a) Organisms adapted to extreme environments must have high reproductive rates and long lives to compensate for the challenges of their environment.

b) In terms of the law of tolerance, it means that an organism must evolve during the course of its lifetime to stay in the favorable range.

c) It often comes at the cost of imposing the inability to tolerate other extreme environments

d) Organisms adapted to extreme environments must adapt to less extreme environments as conditions change.

e) There is no cost to adaptation to extreme environments.

33) What is Carrier's constraint?

a) An organism must expend additional metabolic resources when carrying fat reserves for the winter.

b) Lizards and snakes carry the burden of inefficient metabolisms.

c) The need for skeletal support constrains the evolution for the largest terrestrial animals.

d) It is the metabolic limit to activity in a cold blooded animal.

e) None of the above

Answer 1

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