The Central Dogma of Cell Biology relates to Gene Expression. However, gene expression is dependent on Gene regulation. Describe how mechanisms of Gene regulation ultimately affect gene expression.
Gene expression results in the formation of a polypeptide. It can be regulated at different levels-
1. Transcriptional level ( formation of primary transcript).
2. Processing level ( regulation of splicing).
3. Transport of mRNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm.
4. Translational level.
In prokaryotes, control of the rate of transcriptional initiation is the predominant site for control of gene expression.
In a transcription unit, the activity of RNA Polymerase at a given promotor is in turn regulated by interaction with accessory proteins. The regulatory proteins can act both positively ( activators) and negatively ( repressors).
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