Question

. Explain how the G1 Checkpoint in response to DNA damage works. Draw a diagram that...

. Explain how the G1 Checkpoint in response to DNA damage works. Draw a diagram that indicates the proteins involved in this checkpoint and explain their roles in this process. Be sure to include all steps from the DNA damage to the arrest of the cell cycle.

Please draw and label the diagram

Homework Answers

Answer #1

Any damage to DNA at G1 phase of cell cycle is sensed by two kinases, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) mutated (ATM) kinase and AT and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase. These two kinases, in turn, activates (via phosphorylation) many target proteins. Two such targets are checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and Chk2 which, upon activation, activates p53 via phosphorylation. P53 promotes expression of p21 which arrests cell cycle (at G1 phase) by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK4/6) required for cell cycle progression.

This cell cycle arrest allows DNA repair to happen. If the damage is irreparable, p53 will induce either senescence or cell death.

Know the answer?
Your Answer:

Post as a guest

Your Name:

What's your source?

Earn Coins

Coins can be redeemed for fabulous gifts.

Not the answer you're looking for?
Ask your own homework help question
Similar Questions
Match the checkpoint to its function. G1/S checkpoint G2/M checkpoint              Spindle‑assembly checkpoint Answer Bank ensures that...
Match the checkpoint to its function. G1/S checkpoint G2/M checkpoint              Spindle‑assembly checkpoint Answer Bank ensures that each chromosome is attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles, maintains cell until necessary enzymes for replication are synthesized, detection of DNA damage after replicaion What are checkpoints? -transition points during the process of DNA replication that allow cell division to begin -control points on protein synthesis that limit cancerous growth -transition points during the process of chromosome separation that allow cell division to...
Draw a diagram! The purpose of the diagram is to show the steps from a neuron...
Draw a diagram! The purpose of the diagram is to show the steps from a neuron stimulating a skeletal muscle cell to contraction of that muscle cell. Include in your diagram: •axon terminal of motor neuron •synaptic cleft •neurotransmitter •neurotransmitter binding channels on muscle cell •t-tubules •depolarization •sarcoplasmic reticulum •receptors/channels that work together to release Ca2+ •Ca2+, Where is it? Where does it go? What does it bind to? •Sarcomeres-components (actin, myosin, tropomyosin, troponin, ATP) and how it works (sliding...
Draw or diagram, include nd label with function all features associated with the segment of DNA...
Draw or diagram, include nd label with function all features associated with the segment of DNA Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformed into an Arabidopsis chromosome from your recombinant pBlee. Diagram/ label/ function, only and all of the DNA inserte into the plant chromosome.
Draw a diagram/figure to explain the conjugation process. You should include in the diagram the F-...
Draw a diagram/figure to explain the conjugation process. You should include in the diagram the F- recipient, Hfr Donor and the transconjugant/recombinant recipient. Make sure to include the genes encoding for Leucine, Threonine, Thiamine and Streptomycin resistance in your diagram. How does an Hfr strain of E. coli transfers chromosomal DNA to an F- strain? What determines how much of the chromosomal DNA is transferred?
Cell biology 1. Briefly describe what occurs in the four phases of the cell cycle (G1,...
Cell biology 1. Briefly describe what occurs in the four phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, M). 2. How does cyclin regulate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks)? Why do Cdks require cyclin? 3. Mitogens are involved in cell signaling pathways which promote cell division by the production of cyclin. Using the figure 18-14 from your book (which is on the right), answer whether the expression of genes required for cell proliferation will be increased or decreased under the following scenarios....
Draw a diagram of the phases of a business cycle and label each phrase. Explain how...
Draw a diagram of the phases of a business cycle and label each phrase. Explain how the economy moves from one phase to another. Define recession and expansion.
Simple retrovirus encodes three essential genes. Draw a diagram that depicts an integrated provirus with these...
Simple retrovirus encodes three essential genes. Draw a diagram that depicts an integrated provirus with these three genes in the correct order. Show that the first two genes are out of frame relative to each other. Make sure to label the three genes and indicate the correct position of the long terminal repeats. When one considers the general rule that eukaryotic cells use mononcistronic mRNAs, explain how the pol and env proteins are produced from the provirus.
(a)Draw a simple diagram and briefly explain how are the s- and p-orbitals arranged in the...
(a)Draw a simple diagram and briefly explain how are the s- and p-orbitals arranged in the 1st and 2nd electron shells of an atom? (b)During autocrine signalling, chemical signals such as hormones released elsewhere from the body travel through blood to cause a response in the target cells. True or false? (c) Which of the following two types of drugs would easily penetrate the cell membrane without the aid of a membrane protein: lipid-soluble or water soluble drugs?
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE :) QUESTION 41 The process of making a DNA strand by transcribing...
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE :) QUESTION 41 The process of making a DNA strand by transcribing an RNA template is named Translation Reverse transcription transcription Reverse translation Priming QUESTION 42 Genes Q and P are linked. In the dihybrid testcross of cross of Qp/qP x qp/qp, what genotypes will be recombinant. Qp/qp QP/qp qP/qp qp/qp Both b and d are recombinants QUESTION 43 Damage to DNA that occurs prior to DNA replication results in the arrest of normal cells at...
1.Explain how an organism like dolly the sheep was cloned. 2. Explain how our dna carries...
1.Explain how an organism like dolly the sheep was cloned. 2. Explain how our dna carries genetic material. Include in the discussion the structure of dna and how science determined complementary " base paring occurs. 3. Explain what a greenhouse gas is and how does it affect the earths temperature. 4. Since earths temperature has a cyclical history of low and high tempatures why do we think it is a problem now. 5. Describe the process by which our dna...