Question

Biology 2.3.2

Question 3: Modeling Evolution

Antibiotics are chemical compounds developed to fight bacterial infections in people and animals. Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics while others are susceptible to antibiotics.

a) Explain two mechanisms by which resistant bacteria are genetically different from non-resistant bacteria.Justify the difference in response to an antibiotic found in the environment.

b) The first antibiotic developed was penicillin, a natural compound isolated from a fungus. Penicillin was found to be very effective in treating a wide range of bacterial infections for many years. However, penicillin’s effectiveness over time has diminished as bacteria developed antiobiotic resistance. Explain the evolutionary mechanism by which a bacterial population becomes resistant to an antibiotic. Describe how this will impact the overall resistance of the population

Answer 1

Ans a....genetic mechanism

Ans...B...Antibiotic resistance occurs when some changes take place in bacteria which decreases the effectiveness of drugs designed to cure infections .antiobiotic resistance is not a one day game.it is the result of evolution by natural selection.the antiobiotic is a environmental stress or hazard for bacteria .those bacteria which have mutation which allow them to survive will live on to reproduce .they will also pass this antiobiotic resistance trait to their next generation which will be fully resistant generation