Question

1. Suppose that there’s a population of organisms, and that most of these organisms possess Trait X. Now suppose that this population’s environment undergoes a drastic change. Fifty thousand years after the environmental change, very few of the organisms within the population possess Trait X. Instead, most of them now possess Trait Y.  explain how a population can undergo a change like this.

Answer 1

Answer- This process can be explained by Darwin's theory of natural selection. According to which the organisms which are more adaptive phenotype n changing environmental conditions will survive more and thus reproduces more, which leads to increase in their number in the population over a period of time.

In this case, in previous environmental conditions individuals with trait X were survived more but if environment had undergone drastic changes then organisms with trait Y have gained greater survival capacity as compared to trait X (trait Y was benificial for their survival), and therefore the individuals with Y trait have increased their number in population.