Question

1. Monosaccharides and disaccharides are an example of which organic molecule?

1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. DNA
4. Lipids

2. A buffer is a substance that:
   1. Denatures proteins
   2. Increases acidity
   3. Decreases acidity
   4. Resists changes in pH

3. Both DNA and RNA include which chemical bond between successive nucleotides?
   1. Peptide bond
   2. Glycosidic bond
   3. Hydrogen bond
   4. Phosphodiester bond

4. Of the following nitrogenous bases, which are considered purines?
   1. Uracil, Thymine, Cytosine
   2. Guanine, Cytosine
   3. Adenine, Guanine
   4. Thymine, Adenine

5. Glucose is stored in the liver and muscle cells in the form which of the following polysaccharides?
   1. Cellulose
   2. Chitin
   3. Glycogen
   4. Amylose

6. All of the organisms on our planet use _____ for their genetic material.
   1. RNA
   2. Protein
   3. DNA
   4. Lipids

7. A photosynthetic plant would be considered?
   1. Direct consumer
   2. Indirect consumer
   3. Decomposer
   4. Primary producers

8. Selecting for desired genetic traits is a process called?
   1. Natural selection
   2. Reproduction
   3. Artificial selection
   4. Development

9. In a solution of 10% NaCl, water is the __________, and NaCl is the __________:
   1. Solute; solvent
   2. Solvent; solute
   3. Base; acid
   4. Acid; base

10. When cyclins activate cyclin-dependent kinases:
    1. Mitosis is inhibited
    2. Meiosis starts
    3. The cell goes past the cell cycle checkpoints
    4. The cell divides multiple times without stopping

11. Which of the following phases of interphase is responsible for the DNA synthesis?
    1. G1-phase
    2. S-phase
    3. G2-phase
    4. Mitosis

12. Which of the following phases of interphase serves as the final cell cycle checkpoint and marks the beginning of mitosis?
    1. G1-phase
    2. S-phase
    3. G2-phase
    4. Mitosis

13. A living organism is an example of which of the following systems?
    1. Isolated system
    2. Closed system
    3. Open system
    4. None of the above

14. In this chemical reaction, which molecule is the substrate?

                    catalase

2H₂O₂---------------------------→ 2H₂O + 2O₂

1. H₂O₂
2. O₂
3. H₂O
4. Catalase

15. Glycolysis is an example of a __________ pathway.
    1. Catabolic
    2. Anabolic

16. The following reaction is an example of ___________?

                NAD⁺ --------------> NADH + H⁺

1. Oxidation
2. Reduction

17. Organisms that can make all of their required organic molecules are considered?
    1. Heterotrophs
    2. Consumers
    3. Autotrophs
    4. None of the above

18. Crossing over occurs during which of the following phases in meiosis?
    1. Prophase I
    2. Prophase II
    3. Metaphase I
    4. Metaphase II

19. With respect to phenotype, which of the following probabilities would you expect for the following cross: Aa x Aa
    1. 75% dominant; 25% recessive
    2. 50% dominant; 50% recessive
    3. 100% dominant
    4. 75% recessive; 25% dominant

20. The model of DNA replication where a newly synthesized daughter strand is derived from a template parental strand is which of the following?
    1. Conservative model
    2. Semi-conservative model
    3. Dispersive model
    4. None of the above

21. DNA à RNA?
    1. Translation
    2. Transcription
    3. Replication
    4. Reverse transcription

22. mRNA à Polypeptide?
    1. Translation
    2. Transcription
    3. Replication
    4. Reverse transcription

23. A common technique use to amplify a sample of DNA?
    1. Gel electrophoresis
    2. Polymerase chain reaction
    3. Reverse transcriptase
    4. Taq-polymerase

5. Paleobiology

24. The humerus of bird and the humerus of a bat are ____________?
    1. Homologous
    2. Analogous

25. The bird feathers of a bird and the skin flaps of a bat are ____________?
    1. Homologous
    2. Analogous

Answer 1

Answer to the first question is B. All the saccharides come under the category of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy in the human body and the most used saccharide is glucose.

Answer to the second is D. Buffer is a chemical substance which resists the change in pH of the solution when small amount of base or acid is added to the solution.

Answer to the third is D. Successive nucleotides are connected by phosphodiester bond in both RNA and DNA. The phosphate group or the inorganic phosphate connects the successive nucleotides.

Answer to the fourth is C. Adenine and guanine are the purines. These consist of 2 carbon nitrogen rings and pair to thymine and cytosine respectively in DNA and Uracil and Cytosine in the RNA.

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