Question

1, List 2 arthropod vectors of disease and one each viral and bacterial diseases that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. What is the best way to control all arthropod vectored diseases? Bonus 2 points if correctly give genus and species of organisms that cause these diseases.

2, Like facultative anaerobic bacteria, many immune cells can switch between aerobic respiration and fermentation. How many ATPs are made in each of these processes?

Answer 1

1. a. two arthropod vectors of diseases are- Lutzomyia longipalpis ( sand fly) and Ixodes ricinus(castor bean tick)

b. Viral disease- Tick-borne encephalitis caused by Arbovirus, where the castor bean tick is the vector. ; bacterial disease- Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, where house fly is the vector.

The best way to control all arthropod vectored disease is- Use of repellant. An example is Permethrin. It has a broad spectrum of activity-acting both as an insecticide, acaricide(against ticks). The permethrin when applied on cloths, can effectively repel mosquitoes, ticks.

2. The AT yeind is only 2[Explanation- in aerobic cellular respiration the NADH that were produced in glycolysis go to the ETC and generate more ATP. But, in fermentation, the NADH, thatbis produced is recycled, resulting in the net production of ATP of 2]