Question

How does an electrochemical gradient provide more potential energy than a concentration gradient?

Answer 1

Concentration gradient:it occurs when solute is more concentrated in one area than another and it drives K+ out of the cell

Electrochemical gradient;the combined gradient of concentration and electrical gradient that affect the ion is known as electrochemical gradient.

ATP considered as primary energy source in cells this energy stored in electrochemical gradient of an ion across the plasma membrane determines 2 factors,

Chemical gradient

Electrical gradient

Chemical gradient is the difference in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus inside of a cell and flows from higher to lower concentration.

In electrical gradient ions are electrically charge and the charges include intracellular and extracellular environment and it is positively charged ,ions move from positive to negative

In electrochemical gradient the the intracellular is negativelycharged and sodium is positively charged it favors sodium entering in to the cell , calcium is also positively charged and calcium enters the cell

Concentration gradient:it is process of gradual changes in the concentration of solute on solution

The two major system passive and active transport In the passive transport particles are transported along with concentration gradient,these particles move from higher to lower because of this movement of particles no chemical energy spent.

In concentration gradient intracellular is low concentration and extra cellular is high concentration it favors entrance in to the cell ,these are all the condition proves that electrochemical gradient provide more energy than a concentration gradient