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What are Mendel’s laws and why is this man considered the “father of modern genetics”?

What are Mendel’s laws and why is this man considered the “father of modern genetics”?
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Mendel is known as father of genetics because he was the first one to discover the fundamental law of inheritance and his discoveries formed the base of genetics. He was the first one to perform all genetic experiments in a scientific way.

Mendel gave two important laws :

I. Law of segregation : which state that every individual have two allele for a specific trait and each parent contribute only on allele to their offspring.

II. Law of independent assortment : which state that inheritance of one pair of gene is independent of another pair of gene.

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