Question

Please answer the 3 questions, please provide brief explanation. Urgent, thanks.

34. Multiple-Choice with only one correct answer What is the most meaningful ecological effect of disease resistance and pathogen (or parasite) infection across all organisms?

A. decrease in fitness
B. improved ability to balance E_in with E_out
C. increase in fitness
D. shift from aerobic to anerobic metabolism
E. increased ability to acclimate to or tolerate the infection

35. Multiple-Choice with only one correct answer What would be a good approach to determine that the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is an adaptive trait for living at high altitude?

A. compare the functional effects of genetic variants in the amino acid sequence of hemoglobin

B. compare the functional effects of genetic variants in the amino acid sequence of hemoglobin from similar species living at low versus high altitude
C. compare the functional effects of genetic variants in the amino acid sequence of pyruvate kinase from similar species living at low versus high altitude
D. compare the functional effects of genetic variants in the amino acid sequence of hemoglobin from similar species living only at high altitude
E. compare the functional effects of genetic variants in the amino acid sequence of EPAS1 from similar species living at low versus high altitude

36. Multiple-Choice with only one correct answer Why do many biologists strive to understand the association between genotype and the phenotype?

A. to determine how selection mechanisms occurring at the level of the genome ultimately determine the phenotype that confers fitness
B. to delineate how selection mechanisms occurring at the organismal level ultimately determine the phenotype that confers fitness
C. to explain how selection mechanisms occurring at the cellular level ultimately determine the phenotype that confers fitness
D. to examine how selection mechanisms occurring at the physiological level ultimately determine the phenotype that confers fitness
E. they love doing mechanistic science

Answer 1

Answer:

1) Option (e)

Explanation:

Disease resistance and infections stimulate body of an organism to produce immune response and increase ability to tolerate infections by development of antibodies and cellular immunity.

2) option (b)

Explanation:

To determine affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen at high altitudes , we should assess the functional level of genetic variants at high as well as low altitude and compare the graphs obtained.

3) option (a).

Explanation:

To know the association between genotype and phenotype , genome has to be studied for its functional role in determining the phenotype of the organism and exploring the genes providing 'fitness'.