Question

4) Which of the following statements is true or false

a) If you are describing the quantitative characteristics of a population, “r” is the ratio of births to deaths (births divided by deaths) in the total population.

b) “Symbiosis” means that two species each have a positive effect on the success of the other species.

c) Competition between two species is almost always symmetric, i.e., each species has an equally negative effect on the other species.

d) Interspecific competition usually results in lower diversity in a local biotic community over ecological time due to competitive exclusion (although we noted that sometimes behavioral changes can lead to resource partitioning or habitat segregation in ecological time). However, interspecific competition can lead to greater diversity over evolutionary time due to evolutionary niche differentiation and species packing.

e)Batesian and Mullerian mimicry work most effectively (i.e., natural selection favors the development of color patterns and markings that resemble those of another prey species) when the prey species are deadly toxic and kill the predators immediately.

Answer 1

4)

a) false - r is calculated by birth rate minus death rate

b) false - symbiosis is the relationship between two organism in which both get benefits or one of them may be harmed ( parasitism ) or one benefited and other neither benefited nor harmed.

c) false - competition may be symmetric or assymetric. in symmetric competition individual are able to remove the same amount of resources and no individuals achieves competitive dominance.assymmetric competition results individuals are able to remove more resources than other.

d) true , interspecific competition on genetic diversity of a population is negative.

e) false , batesian mimicry where harmless animal mimics dangerous animal to avoid predation, mullerian mimicry two unrelated animals develops a similar effect as a shared protective device .