Why are type II endonucleases, instead of types I and III,
preferably used in molecular biology?
A.
Endonucleases I and III use ATP and cut away from their
recognition sites, but an endonuclease II enzyme does not use ATP
and cuts within the recognition sequence
B.
Endonucleases I and III cut at only a few DNA sequences,
whereas endonuclease II enzymes cut at a very large number of
recognition sequences
C.
Endonucleases I and III are large, which causes highly
inefficient and nonspecific reactions, whereas an endonuclease II
is small and highly specific for a sequence
D.
Endonucleases I and III are extremely unstable to reliably
carry out any reaction, whereas endonuclease II enzymes are
relatively stable at 37 °C
2. DNA fingerprinting relies on restriction enzyme digestion
of genomic DNA samples obtained from discrete individuals to
identify specific individuals and their relation to direct
biological relatives. What is the foundation of this
fingerprinting?
A.
Methylation pattern of the genome is inherited. Methylation at
restriction enzyme digestion sites blocks the action of these
enzymes
B.
All individuals carry inherited amino acid substitutions in
their gene products and these mutations are highly characteristic
for each individual
C.
DNA extracted from the fingerprints of an individual can yield
a detailed restriction digestion map that can identify the
individual
D.
With respect to the consensus sequence of the human genome,
each individual has a set of inherited polymorphism in his or her
genome, which creates or removes restriction enzyme digestion
sites
3. The bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects plants to
form tumors. The circular genome of this bacterium is used to
introduce foreign genes to prepare transgenic plants. How many
plasmids and what genes are essential for the incorporation of the
foreign gene into the plant genome?
A.
Three: antibiotic resistance, the gene of interest, and T-DNA,
in three separate plasmids
B.
Four: vir gene, antibiotic resistance, the gene of interest,
and T-DNA, in four separate plasmids
C.
Two; vir gene in one plasmid, antibiotic resistance, and the
gene of interest flanked by 25-bp T-DNA repeats in the second
plasmid
D.
One: vir gene, antibiotic resistance, the gene of interest,
and T-DNA, all in one plasmid