Question

How is information encoded in DNA used to generate proteins? What is the molecular basis of the genetic code?

Answer 1

Answer- DNA is the genetic material which comprises information in the form of nucleotide base squencing. This information is transferred to mRNA with the help of RNA polymerase. This process is called Transcription. The mRNA then transfers information to tRNA, which helps in the Translation. In this the tRNA binds to ribosome and the polypeptide chain synthesis occurs by coding the amino acid sequences. This helps in generation not the proteins.

The molecular basis for genetic code is DNA. It is composed of a nucleotides sequences:- adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). The group of three nucleotides in the sequence is called a codon, that represents either one of the twenty amino acids in a protein ,this is called the genetic code. These sequence of specified amino acids forms a specific protein structure.