Question

Describe the series of events that occur from the time DNA is transcribed to RNA and a now properly folded and functional Protein reaches its final destination with in the cell (mention passage/transport, the organelles involved and what part they play).

Describe the 6 methods by which cells can transmit signals to each other within our bodies. What is signal transduction and how does a signal transduction pathway usually begin at the plasma membrane?  

Answer 1

1. Series of events that occur for the production of a protein in the cell:
a. Transcription of the gene in the nucleus by RNA polymerase
b. Post-transcriptional modifications (Splicing, capping, and tailing) in the nucleus
c. Export of the mature mRNA into the cytoplasm
d. Translation of the mRNA by ribosomes located on the RER
e. Release of the nascent polypeptide into the ER lumen
f. Post-translational modifications of the nascent polypeptide in the ER lumen
g. Targetting the protein to Golgi complex
h. Post-translational modifications and protein folding Golgi complex
i. Packaging of the protein into vesicles
j. Targetting of the protein to its destined organelle or secretion