Question

4. In multicellular organisms, cells have to be able to communicate with other cells so they can work together to coordinate their activities for the benefit of the entire organism. One type of cell-cell communication involves the release of chemical signals by one cell that travel to another cell where they cause a change in the second cell (called a target cell).

a. Describe the basic steps involved in the response of a target cell to a chemical signal produced by another cell.

b. Organisms from bacteria to slime molds to higher plants and animals all share the ability to carry out cell-cell communication. Research has shown many common features in the signal transduction mechanisms in all of these cells. Describe the basic chemical processes for cell communication that are found throughout all of these living systems and that point to a common evolutionary origin for this process.

Answer 1

B basic steps in cell response for chemical stimuli is binding of appropriate receptor for the chemical stimuli produced by the another cell. Once the ligand or chemical molecule binds with the recieving cell receptor, it activates the receptor and downstream signalling pathway, which responds for the chemical stimuli

C) in all live forms the cell signalling is used to communicate about the food resource , enemy attack

The cell communication occurs through ligand and receptor binding and activation of downstream signalling molecules which finally responds with chemical secretion or genetic modification