Question

1. In prokaryotic cells, a transfer RNA carrying N-formylmethionine recognizes the ----- and is the first tRNA to bind to the ribosomal subunits, so it is called the initiator tRNA.

Select one:

a. Start codon

b. Exon

c. Operon

d. Stop codon

e. Promoter

2. The start codon of a gene sequence determines? (choose the best possible option).

Select one:

a. The presence of an untranslated region

b. The rate of transcription

c. The length of the transcript

3. Galactosemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize the sugar galactose. People with galactosemia suffer from liver, kidney, and brain damage among other symptoms. A gene mutation underlying galactosemia was identified by sequencing the genome of a person with galactosemia. What additional evidence would support the hypothesis that the mutation in the candidate gene causes the disease?

Select one:

a. Observing that the genome of the person with galactosemia contains mutations in several other genes.

b. Sequencing the genomes of family members without galactosemia and discovering that they also have mutations in the candidate gene.

c. Collecting family history and determining that no other family members have galactosemia.

d. Sequencing the genomes from unrelated people with galactosemia and discovering that they also have mutations in the candidate gene.

Answer 1

Ans 1 a . Start codon

The answere is start codon. The N_formyl methenione contaning RNA first bind with on start codon 5'-AUG-3' preesent onthe m-RNA and intiate the process of protein translation.

Ans 2 a. The presence of the untransalated region.

The m-RNA containg both coding and non-coding regions. The coding region is reponsible for the process of the translation. The start codon AUG marked the biginning of the transaltion process. The region that lie pror to the this code in 5` end is not involved in coding.

Ans 3 c. Collecting family history and determining that no other family members have galactosemia.

In contrast, if the family members share the same mutation then the mutation won't be reponsible for the given disease. How ever if there is no history of Galactosemia in the family and no muation in the gene confirms that the patient has acquired disease due to muation in the gene not passed by the family.