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This equation reflects palmitate synthesis by fatty acid synthase: Acetyl-CoA + 7 Malonyl-CoA + 14 NADPH...

This equation reflects palmitate synthesis by fatty acid synthase: Acetyl-CoA + 7 Malonyl-CoA + 14 NADPH + 14 H+ ® Palmitate + 7 CO2 + 8 CoA + 14 NADP+ + 6 H2O. Why are only 6 water molecules produced by palmitate synthesis, rather than 7?

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Answer #1

Cytosolic fatty acid synthase group catalyzes the acetyl-Co A mixture to 7 malonyl-Co A and 14 NADHP + 14 H+ to produce a palmitate molecule and 7 CO2, 14 NADP+, 8 CoASH, and 6 H2O. This cycle continues through the gradual condensation of malonyl groups into the increasing acyl chain, followed by CO2 loss and several reduction processes. Even though palmitate is a 16C fatty acid, and two carbons are added for every turn, the left 6 turns must be present, for a total of 7 turns. The palmitate is linked with the Acyl-Carrier Protein (ACP) at the end of the biosynthesis, and removing it involves a hydrolysis, and thus the missing H2O .Its first step produces a 4 molecules of carbon. Although palmitate is a 16C fatty acid, and two carbons are added per turn, the remaining 6 turns will be available, for a total of 7 turns.

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