Question

Jaw articulation provides clues as to diet based on whether or not the jaw can move...

Jaw articulation provides clues as to diet based on whether or not the jaw can move only up and down or side to side as well.

a. In herbivores, what type of jaw movement do you expect? Why?
b. In carnivores, what type of jaw movement do you expect? Why?

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Answer #1

The type of jaws in Carnivores and herbivores is differentiated by posterior end of the jaw, by its angle.
a) Herbivores have side to side movement of the lower jaw which helps in chewing food.The masseter muscle that attaches the Zygomatic arch and the outerside of the lower jaw is stronger and larger in herbivores that allows side to side motion. this helps in the grinding of fibrous plant matter. The chewing and grinding causes the teeth to wear with age, hence their teeth are stained from substances in plants.

b) Carnivores have scissor like up and down motion. The jaw joint lies on the same level as tooth row, the horizontal movement of the lower jaw is not possible.
In carnivores,the temporal muscle is larger than masseter in herbivores which pulls the jaw up with great speed and power. the masseter muscle helps in stabilizing the jaw during closing.

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