Considering that the environment of a bacterium can be highly dynamic, what advantage could be conferred by having attenuation as a second layer of control?
In bacterium as there is no nucleus, both Transcription and Translation of protein synthesis occurs simultaneosly. Attenuation is the process by which the transcription can be terminated according to the requirement of the bacteria. The advantage of Attenuation is that the bacterium can control synthesis of protein according to the environmental and metabolic requirement.
In attenuation, a attenuator region is formed in the DNA segment which acts as a stop signal in the mRNA sequence. The ribosomes will get stalled at this region and the protein synthesis is deferred.
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