Question

1. Which of the following is a catabolic reaction?

	assembly of proteins
	synthesis of lipids
	operation of the sodium-potassium pump
	breakdown of carbohydrate chains

2.Match the process or chemical with its description.

	oxidizes NADH without using the electron transport chain
	produces CO2 as a byproduct
	site of glycolysis
	accepts electrons from NADH and FADH2
	removal of electrons from a chemical
	site of the electron transport chain
	breaks down fatty acids from lipids into acetyl-CoA
	yields acetyl-CoA and CO2
	generates ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation
	uses flow of H+ to join ADP and phosphate

1.	glycolysis
2.	oxidation
3.	citric acid cycle
4.	electron transport chain
5.	ATP synthase
6.	fermentation
7.	pyruvate oxidation
8.	beta-oxidation
9.	mitochondrion
10.	cytosol

Answer 1

Answer 1:

Option "breakdown of carbohydrate chains" is correct.

Explanation: Catabolic reaction is the breakdown of large organic molecule to smaller ones to release energy.

• Assembly of proteins and synthesis of lipids are anabolic process
• operation of the sodium-potassium pump is an active transport process to maintain resting potential. It pumps 3 sodium ions out of cell and 2 potassium ions into the cell simultaneously.
• breakdown of carbohydrate releases the energy, so it is catabolic reaction.

Answer 2:

			Explanation
a.	oxidizes NADH without using the electron transport chain	6. fermentation	· The basic function of fermentation is the regeneration of NAD+.
b.	produces CO2 as a byproduct	3. citric acid cycle	· Citric acid cycle is a series of reactions, one cycle of CAC completely oxidized acetyl-CoA into two molecules of CO2 and water.
c.	site of glycolysis	10. cytosol	· Glycolysis is a catabolic process of the breakdown of one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules. Its site is cytosol.
d.	accepts electrons from NADH and FADH2	4. Electron transport chain	· Electron transport chain is a series of the transportation of electrons with the help of electron transporter embedded in the inner membrane of mitochondria. These transporters accept electrons from NADH and FADH2 and finally the molecular oxygen is reduced to form water.
e.	removal of electrons from a chemical	2. oxidation	· Oxidation is the loss of electron from a molecule during a reaction.
f.	site of the electron transport chain	9. mitochondrion	· Site of the electron transport chain is the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
g.	breaks down fatty acids from lipids into acetyl-CoA	8. beta-oxidation	· Beta oxidation is the catabolic process. Break down of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA.
h.	yields acetyl-CoA and CO2	7. pyruvate oxidation	· Pyruvate oxidation is the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2 by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
i.	generates ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation	1. glycolysis	· substrate-level phosphorylation is the formation of ATP by direct addition of phosphate to ADP.
j.	uses flow of H+ to join ADP and phosphate	5. ATP synthase	· ATP synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP by adding inorganic phosphate and ADP by using energy derived from proton gradient (uses flow of H+).