Question

1. Frederick Griffith performed an experiment that established that bacteria can ______________ other bacteria. Avery, MacLead and McCarty determined the ______________ responsible was DNA. This was further confirmed by Hershey and Chase who used radiolabeled _____________ on viruses to identify that DNA was responsible for transformation and not ________________. This confirmed that DNA stored the ______________ material of a cell (10 pts).

2. ________________ are DNA sequences that code for a functional molecule. They can have variations called _______________. The variations are passed down from each of two parents in a _______________ organism, like humans. Together, the two variations an organism has is it’s genotype. The genotype can either be _________________ or ______________. Further the apparent phenotype can be determined depending on whether the _______________(same as second blank) is either ________________ or ________________. There are occurrences where both can be expressed leading to a hybrid of the two. This is known as _______________. It is also possible for them to both be expressed in different areas of the organism’s body via ______________(20pts).

3. Why is it that only maternal mitochondrial DNA passes on from parent to offspring? (10 pts)

Assume the following for questions 7 & 8. Show work via Punnett squares

1. Handedness is determined via maternal effect.
2. Left handedness is recessive.
3. Right handedness is dominant.

4. If your grandmother had the homozygous recessive trait and your grandfather was homozygous dominant what was your mother’s genotype and phenotype? (10pts)

ITS OK TAKE YOUR TIME. I HAVE TILL TOMORROW 3:00PM

5. Your father is heterozygous. What is your genotype and phenotype? (10pts)

Answer 1

Frederick Griffith performed an experiment that established that bacteria can transform other bacteria.
Transformation is the process of transfer of genetic material.

Avery, MacLead and McCarty determined the transforming principal responsible was DNA.
They identified that transforming principle was DNA while studying Streptococcus pneumoniae, bacteria that can cause pneumonia.

This was further confirmed by Hershey and Chase who used radiolabeled phages on viruses to identify that DNA was responsible for transformation and not proteins.
The phages were made of protein and DNA.

This confirmed that DNA stored the genetic material of a cell.

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