Question

Briefly describe how dermal circulation explains why older people are more vulnerable to heat stroke

Answer 1

Our skin acts as a protective covering from the changing environment and plays an important role in thermal regulation and fluid-electrolyte balance. It consists of 3 layers- epidermis, dermis and the inner subcutaneous layer. The dermis provides nourishment to the epidermis.

With increase in age, our outer skin starts thining and loses its elasticity and flexibility, especially in sun exposed areas. The blood vessels under the dermis become fragile with aging which leads to bleeding under skin. The sebaceous glands secrete less oil which makes the skin more dry and itchy as it loses its moisture. Insulation and padding due to subcutaneous fat layer decreases resulting in skin injury and failure of maintaining body temperature. Moreover, the sweat glands produce less sweat which increases the risk of heat stroke due to overheating in older people.