Question

1. Jorge's grandfather is diagnosed with lung cancer. The physician wants to take biopsies of several lymph nodes from surrounding areas. Why?

a) The doctor would only do this if he noticed "swollen glands" in surrounding tissues.

b) The lymph nodes might have been exposed to the same carcinogen as the lungs.

c) it's just standard procedure; there's no particular reason.

d) Lymphatic drainage from an organ provides a quite common and very easy way for cancer cells to spread.

2. All of these leukocytes contribute to the body's nonspecific immune responses except...

a) lymphocytes

b) granulocytes

c) monocytes

d) natural killer cells

3. Which of these is NOT a property of whole blood?
a) about 5 liters
b) just over 90% water
c) temperature one degree above body temperature
d) pH 7.35-7.45

Answer 1

Answer 1 )d) Lymphatic drainage from an organ provides a quite common and very easy way for cancer cells to spread.

Normally cancer spread through Sentinel Lymph node .Sentinel Lymph node is the first lymph node draining that particular organ .If the sentinel Lymph node is involved then metasis already happened so it help in evaluation and deciding about surgery and prognosis.

Answer 2)a)lymphocytes

Non specific immune responses are by Innate immunity .It is present since birth done by Natural killer cells ,Complements skin mucous membranes ,Granulocytes ,Monocytes and Macroohage tissues .etc

Lymphocytes play an important role in acquired immune system through specific immune cells .

Answer 3)b) just over 90% water

It is just 60 % of body weight and not 90 % .Others are correct .