Question

which is not a functional unit of the spine? A. cervical B. coccygeal C. sacral D....

which is not a functional unit of the spine?

A. cervical
B. coccygeal
C. sacral
D. Sural

the valsalva maneuver accomplishes the following functions?

A. reduces shear force on the spine
B. reduces torsional force on the spine
C. increases mobility of the spine
D. decreases Intra-abdominal pressure


Science   Anatomy-And-Physiology   
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Answer #1

1. D. SURAL

The functional unit of spine includes cervical, coccygeal and sacral. Cervical, coccygeal and sacral are part of the spinal nerves whereas sural is not a part of the spinal nerves. These spinal nerves are named according to the region of vertebral column from which they emerge. Sural is a sensory nerve in the calf region of the leg called sura.

2. A. REDUCES SHEAR FORCE ON THE SPINE.

The valsalva maneuver plays a role in protecting the lumbar spine while lifting heavy loads. It can be described as the vigorous contraction of abdominal muscles leading to voluntary increase in intra abdominal pressure. The valsalva maneuver creates an external torque thereby lowering  the compression forces on lumbar spine. Moreover, it is known to increase the stability and rigidity of spine by increased intra abdominal pressuure resulting in prevention of musculoskeletal injuries.

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