If plant donot get enough water, guard cells can't swell ,so stomata stay closed,which prevent lose of water from plant.But if the stomata remain closed--- photosynthesis can't happen --So that the plant might starve.
Stomata may be closed completely under severe drought . Closure of stomata dependent on plant species--That is tolerant species control their stomata closure which allow carbon fixation and photosynthesis .
Normally,Plants absorb water through their roots & release water as water vapor through these stomata.To survive in drought , plants need to decrease waterloss through transpiration to limit water loss. For this,Some plants which live in dry conditions have smaller leaves so that they have fewer stomata.
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