Question

16. Patients with a pulmonary disease causing poor gas exchange at the alveoli may exhibit an increase in arterial pCO2. These patients develop which type of primary acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

17. The percentage of Vital Capacity that can be expired in one second is decreased in someone with which of the following?

Someone with bronchoconstriction

Someone with a increase in VO2 max

Someone with an increased compliance

18. A patient with emphysema develops respiratory acidosis as indicated by an increase in pCO2. How will the kidneys compensate for this primary acid-base disorder?

By excreting more H+ and reabsorbing more HCO3-, causing a compensatory metabolic alkalosis

By excreting increased amounts of H+ causing a compensatory respiratory alkalosis

By excreting more HCO3- and causing a compensatory metabolic acidosis

19. Patients with bronchoconstriction are often prescribed inhalers containing a medication that is an adrenergic agonist. What is the action of this medication?

They bond to nicotinic receptors on skeletal muscle increasing lung volume

It bonds to alpha 1 receptors and cause vasodilation

It binds to B2 receptors on smooth muscle causing bronchodilation

20. The Dorsal Respiratory Group of "I" neurons stimulate respiratory muscles that will:

Increase intrapleural pressure

Increase lung volume

Decrease lung volume

Answer 1

16)D) Respiratory acidosis

Explanation : Increased Arterial PCO2 occurs due to retention of the CO2 in the blood due to respiratory diseases. This in turn leads to increased generation of H+ thereby decreasing the pH causing respiratory acidosis.

17) Someone with bronchoconstriction

Explanation : Bronchi constriction causes obstruction to Outflow of air leading to reduced FEV1

18) By excreting more H+ and reabsorbing more HCO3-, causing a compensatory metabolic alkalosis

19) It binds to B2 receptors on smooth muscle causing bronchodilation

20) Increase lung volume