Question

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except one. Identify the exception.

Group of answer choices

increased venous return.

increased end diastolic volume.

increased parasympathetic stimulation.

increased heart rate.

increased force of ventricular contraction.

Answer 1

Cardiac output:Cardiac output (CO) is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute it is expressed by L/min.

It is a product of Heart rate and stroke volume.

Stroke volume is the volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction or systole.

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output.

Increased venous return, is related to starling's law of the heart and is directly related to cardiac output.

Increased force of ventricular contraction,

Increased heart rate, HR is directly proportional to cardiac output.

Increased sympathetic stimulation.

but

Increased parasympathetic stimulation these factors will not increase cardiac output.