Question

Name any 5 structural parts specific to neurons and describe their specific function.

Do not name common organelles or cell structures such as nucleus (or nucleolus), mitochondria, golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, peroxisomes, ribosomes, cell membrane, etc.

You must describe parts that are unique and specific to neurons.

Sketch a basic motor neuron (by hand or using the computer) and directly label the 5 different structural parts you described.

Take a picture of your drawing

Answer 1

Five specific structural parts of neuron as shown in above image are:

Dendrites: They are branches extending out from cell body and they bring messages from other neurons to the cell body.

Cell body: It is also called as soma and it contains cellular components like nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, etc.

Axon: It carries electric impulse from cell body to the axon terminal from where impulse passes to dendrites of other neuron via synapse.

Myelin sheath: It surrounds the axon, insulates it and increases the speed of propagation of electric impulse passing through it.

Node of Ranvier: It is the gaps found between myelin sheath and it helps in rapid conduction of nerve impulses.