Question

Jamie lives in Colorado and it is winter. Since it is snowing and around the holidays, she is spending more time inside and eating lots of desserts. Over the course of a month or so, she gains a significant amount of weight.

1. What effect does the weight gain have on her blood vessel flow rate?

a) Blood vessels will have a greater flow rate and resistance will increase

b) Blood vessels will have the same flow rate and resistance increases

c) Blood vessel flow rate will decrease and resistance will decrease

d) Blood vessel flow rate can increase or decrease depending on physical activity

e) Blood vessel flow rate will decrease and resistance will increase

2. Jamie is having people over for a family dinner to celebrate Hanukkah and she is expecting a lot of family relatives to come over. She is in the middle of preparing dinner and hears the doorbell ring. Her family has arrived early and she is still in the process of preparing dinner. She begins rushing around the house in a hurry and feels stressed out to get the last few dishes off the stove and ready to eat. She is experiencing a sympathetic response which would cause her postganglionic neurons to release which neurotransmitter onto what type of receptor?

a) Acetylcholine; nicotinic cholinergic receptor

b) Epinephrine; adrenergic receptor

c) Acetylcholine; adrenergic receptor

d) Epinephrine; muscarinic cholinergic receptor

e) Epinephrine; nicotinic cholinergic receptor

3. While Jamie is cooking dinner for all her relatives, she slices up some onions that irritate her eye and the burning sensation makes her stressed out. Her eye begins experiencing a twitch. What is happening during the twitch?

a) Many contraction cycles are occurring

b) Many contraction cycles are occurring with no relaxation

c) One cycle of contraction and relaxation are occurring

d) One cycle of contraction is occurring with many cycles of relaxation

e) Many cycles of contraction are occurring with only one cycle of relaxation

Answer 1

1. Jamie is a obese person. Obesity resukts in hardening and stifness of the blood vessels resulting decreased arterial lumen which increases resistance to blood flow. Also obesity results in poor circulation.
So e) Blood vessel flow rate will decrease and resistance will increase

2. Sympathetic nervous system is a part of ANS which comes into action during emergency situations. The sympathetic nervous system acts on adrenal gland to release epinephrine which binds to adrenegic receptors on the target organs and alter their activity.
So when Jamie has a in reased symapthetic activity neurotransmitter epinephrine will be released which binds to adrenergic receptors.
Answer : b) Epinephrine; adrenergic receptor

3. An eye twitch is the twitching movement of the eye caused by repeated cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Answer : c) One cycle of contraction and relaxation are occurring