Question

It is recommended that adolescents, pregnant mothers, and even adults receive the Tdap vaccine, a booster shot for Bordetella pertussis. What is the reason for this?

Question 49 options:

	Immunity provided by initial vaccination, as a child is not life-long
	The booster shot increase the amount of antibodies
	Antibodies produced by pregnant mothers can be transferred to unborn babies
	All of the above

Question 50 (1.25 points)

You received an MMR vaccine as a child, but before entering college your doctor wants to make sure you still have high levels of antibodies to measles and mumps. Which diagnostic test should he use?

Question 50 options:

	PCR
	ELISA
	Nucleic acid hybridization
	Rapid detection test

Any structure, protein, or property of a microorganism that is used to cause disease is considered a…

Question 52 options:

	Antigen
	Enzyme
	Virulence factor
	Toxin

Question 53 (1.25 points)

A pure culture can best be defined as...

Question 53 options:

	Sterile media
	Streaking an agar plate for isolated colonies
	One species of microorganism grown on solid media or in liquid media
	A special type of media that can only grow one type of microorganism

Question 54 (1.25 points)

Which of the following statements describing the different types of microorganisms is FALSE?

Question 54 options:

	Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that consist of molds, mushrooms, & yeast
	Parasites live in or on another organism in a non-mutual relationship
	Bacteria are single celled organisms capable of independent metabolism
	Algae are not capable of independent metabolism

Selective toxicity can BEST be defined as…

Question 56 options:

	The ability of a drug to kill the pathogen regardless of side effects to the host cells
	The ability of a drug to kill Gram-positive but not Gram-negative bacteria
	The ability of a drug to kill pathogens but leave normal flora and non-pathogens unharmed
	The ability of a drug to target a pathogen but leave host cells relatively unharmed

Question 57 (1.25 points)

A biofilm is defined as…

Question 57 options:

	A community of a single species of bacteria
	A movie about biology
	A community of microbial cells surrounded by a polysaccharide, protein, & nucleic acid matrix
	A layer of polysaccharides that surrounds bacterial cells

Answer 1

49: D) all of the above- the antibodies in the body gets deteriote over time. There is a decrease in effectiveness of vaccine in each following year. About 40% people are fully protected 4 years after getting Tdap vaccine.

In the pregnamcy women, the vaccine should be given between 27 to 37 week of pregnancy as antibodies can be transferred to foetus and provides immunity.

50) B) ELISA( enzyme linked immuno sorbent essay)

IgM antibodies are formed in body to provide immunity against mumps. The enzyme substrate reaction is tested in ELISA test. The enzyme activity is measured using a substrate that changes color when modified by the enzyme. Light absorption of the product formed after substrate addition is measured and converted to numeric values.