Question

1)

Which of the following function to increase the ABSORPTIVE surface area of the small intestine?

I. Rugae

II. Circular folds/plicae circulares

III. Gastric pits

IV. Microvilli

	A.	II and IV only
	B.	II only
	C.	IV only
	D.	II, III, and IV only
	E.	I and III only

2)

In the kidney, material moving from the blood to the kidney tubule occurs during:

I. absorption

II. filtration

III. secretion

	A.	II and III only
	B.	I only
	C.	III only
	D.	I and II only
	E.	II only

3) Select the CORRECT match:

	A.	Peristalsis - increases with sympathetic nervous system stimulation
	B.	Internal anal sphincter - under voluntary control
	C.	Lacteals - lymph capillaries, transport chylomicrons
	D.	Pancreas - synthesizes bicarbonate in response to CCK (cholecystokinin)
	E.	Micelles - lipids coated with bile salts formed in stomach lumen

Answer 1

Answer

1. A) II and IV only

• There are three adaptations of small intestinal wall for promotion of absorption :
  - Villi
  - Microvilli
  - Circular folds/plicae circulares
• They increase the contact of digested nutrient to mucosa of small intestine.

2. Option C) III only

• When fluid flows from glomerulus aross the filtration membrane into Bowman's capsule, it is called filtration.
• When substances moves from renal tubule into the blood, it is called reabsorption.
• When substances moves from blood into the renal tubule, it is called secretion.

3. Option C) Lacteals - lymph capillaries, transport chylomicrons

• Lacteals are small lymphatic capillaries surrounding the villi in the small intestinne.
• Miscelles packed into chylomicrons in enterocyte enters into lacteal.
• Lacteal transport chylomicrons before they enter into bloodstream.