Question

Cardiovascular and respiratory functions are highly integrated. We have already spent some time discussing how cardiac pathologies can lead to pulmonary oedema. Now let’s take that to the next step in considering the following questions. Consider what effects pulmonary oedema will have on circulating blood gasses. How will this affect systemic arterioles, how will that impact TPR, and how the body will compensate for this change. (Select three answers).

Group of answer choices

Systemic arterioles will dilate

Systemic arterioles will constrict

TPR will increase

TPR will decrease

The autonomic nervous system will increase cardiac output

The autonomic nervous system will decrease cardiac output

Pulmonary arterioles respond to different factors than systemic arterioles because in the lungs, the blood supply is receiving oxygen and delivering carbon dioxide, while in the systemic circulation, it is delivering oxygen, and receiving carbon dioxide. In the pulmonary circuit, arterioles will dilate in well-ventilated areas of the lungs to increase the rate of exchange between capillaries and well-ventilated alveoli. However, in poorly ventilated areas of the lungs, arterioles will constrict in order to re-route blood to well-ventilated areas. Now consider our case of pulmonary oedema, and how that will impact circulation in the pulmonary circuit. (Select two answers).

Group of answer choices

Pulmonary arterioles will dilate

Pulmonary arterioles will constrict

Pulmonary vascular resistance will increase

Pulmonary vascular resistance will decrease

Why would the baroreceptors reflex not compensate for these changes? (select one).

Group of answer choices

The right heart is not innervated by the autonomic nervous system.

Pulmonary vessels are not innervated by the autonomic nervous system.

Baroreceptors only monitor arterial pressure in the systemic circulation.

Parasympathetic signalling to pulmonary vessels will be equal to sympathetic signalling, therefore there will be no net autonomic effect.

Have answers for all but want to get a second opinion.

Answer 1

Question no 1

In this case the respiratory rate increases and results in increased TPR and tachycardia

Systemic arteries will dialate to improve the the systemic circulation and due to hypoxia

Autonomic nervous system will increase tha cardiac output by increasing Heart rate

Question no 2

Pulmonary arterioles wil dilate to improve the oxygenation of blood

The pulmonary vascular resistance will increase due to increased pulmonary Pressure

Question no 3

Baroreceptor only monitor the systemic blood pressure as a result will not compensated