Question

(a)Despite a fall in plasma insulin level during exercise, briefly explain why/how does glucose uptake in skeletal muscle increase markedly when engaged in exercise?

(b) How does ‘hypothalamus - anterior pituitary - adrenal cortex axis’ regulate cortisol production?

(c)Please briefly mention the effect a decrease in pH and an increase in lactate concentration have on triglyceride mobilization in adipose tissues.

Answer 1

a) Like insulin muscle contraction and exercise increase glucose uptake . This is independant to insulin pathway. The potential regulators for glucose uptake during exercise include

• Ca++ (via CaMK )
• ATP activated protein kinase
• Nitric oxide
• Reactive Oxygen Species

These act on specific receprors and increases the glucose uptake .

b)

c) lactate and decrease in pH inhibit lipolysis