Question

Johnathon is a 15-year old male who has just been admitted to A and
E with rapid breathing (with a prolonged out-breath), nausea, and
confusion. His mother says that he has not been himself recently, that
he has seemed a little “out of it” at times, he has been thirsty and
urinating a lot and that he has lost a significant amount of weight in the
past two months, despite being constantly hungry. Jonathon’s mother
suffers from coeliac disease.
(i) What is the acute problem that Jonathon has been admitted to
the hospital with today?
(ii) How will the doctors in A and E treat him?
(iii) What is Jonathon’s underlying health condition?

Answer 1

Ans 1. Johns symptoms are prolonged rapid breathing, Nausea and Confusion, with history of excessive hunger and urination, so acute problem is Diabetic ketoacidosis with Encephalopathy.

Ans 2. Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis include

a. Treatment of dehydration due to polyuria by Intravascular fluid infusion.

b. Treatment of High blood sugar by continuous infusion of Intravascular insulin.

c. Monitor the consciousness of child and symptoms of raisedraised intracranial pressure.

d. Correction of electrolyte disturbance, specially hypokalemia.

Ans 3. Underlying heath condio of John is Diabetes mellitus mostly Type 1.