Question

1. You have just admitted Mary Roberts, a 70-year-old woman, to the hospital for GI bleeding. Her blood pressure is 130/80, pulse 80/min and irregular, respirations 18/min, and temperature 99.2. Mrs. Roberts denies pain at this time although she appears anxious and very pale. Her medical history includes lung cancer that was diagnosed two weeks ago, peptic ulcer disease with reflux esophagitis, and "fluid retention". Admission lab work shows a plasma Na⁺ of 152 mEq/L and K⁺ of 2.8 mEq/L. Which of the following regulatory mechanisms would be stimulated as a result of the increased osmolality that results from a Na+ level of 152 mEq/L?

A. an increase in the secretion of aldosterone

B. a decreased release of ADH

C. an increased release of ADH

D. an increase in renin production

2. Which of the following conditions can cause metabolic acidosis?

A. Repeated vomiting

B. Hypercalcemia

C. Hypernatremia

D. Hyperchloremia

3. Which of the following stimulate aldosterone secretion?

Check all that apply

High blood sodium concentration

Hyponatremia

Hyperkalemia

Hypotension

High blood potassium concentration

4. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A. increases urine volume

B. is secreted by the anterior pituitary

C. increases water reabsorption in the kidney

D. increases plasma osmolality

5.What is the term for abnormally low blood pH that is caused by abnormally high carbon dioxide levels?

A. respiratory alkalosis

B. respiratory acidosis

C. respiratory compensation

D. metabolic acidosis

E. metabolic alkalosis

6. What is the term for abnormally high blood pH that is caused by decreased acid with normal or low carbon dioxide levels, or excess base?

A. renal compensation

B. respiratory acidosis

C. metabolic acidosis

D. respiratory alkalosis

E. metabolic alkalosis

Answer 1

Ans1:-B.a decreased release of ADH

Patient is suffered from hypernatrimia and hypokalmia .so patient would get homeostasis after excretion of sodium and retention of pottasium , so the decrese secretion of ADH will help in secrtsecr of sodium and retention of pottasium.

Ans2:- D. Hyperchloremia

Ans-3:- Hyponatremia

Hyperkalemia

Hypotension

And high blood pottasium concentration.

Ans4:-(C) Increases water Reabsorption from the kidney

Ans5:- B.Respiratory acidosis

It is caused due to decreased pulmonary ventilation due to which in body incresed amount of CO2 ,this causes incraIncr H2CO3 and H+ concentration.

Ans6:-D.respiratory alkalosis.

It is caused due to the over ventilation through the lungs and it is occur rarely ,it is find at high altitude due to rapid breathing there is loss of excess co2 that can kead to alkalosis.